INSTALLATION OF CASSANDRA IN UBUNTU
Cassandra is a NoSQL database management system that is free and open-source. It is made to handle massive volumes of data over multiple commodity servers while also offering high availability and eliminating single points of failure.
Considering its capability to handle volumes and cheap cost, market is slowly moving towards Cassandra
Install apt-transport-https package to access Cassandra repository over secure protocol
root@exhydra:/home/exhydra# apt install apt-transport-https
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following NEW packages will be installed:
apt-transport-https
0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 254 not upgraded.
Need to get 4,348 B of archives.
After this operation, 154 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Get:1 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/universe amd64 apt-transport-https all 1.6.14 [4,348 B]
Fetched 4,348 B in 1s (3,316 B/s)
Selecting previously unselected package apt-transport-https.
(Reading database ... 148579 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../apt-transport-https_1.6.14_all.deb ...
Unpacking apt-transport-https (1.6.14) ...
Setting up apt-transport-https (1.6.14) ...
Install curl to fetch the Cassandra package from repository
root@exhydra:/home/exhydra# snap install curl
curl 7.86.0 from Wouter van Bommel (woutervb) installed
root@exhydra-VirtualBox:/home/exhydra# curl https://downloads.apache.org/cassandra/KEYS | sudo apt-key add -
% Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time Current
Dload Upload Total Spent Left Speed
100 267k 100 267k 0 0 205k 0 0:00:01 0:00:01 --:--:-- 205k
Update apt utility in Ubuntu
root@exhydra-VirtualBox:/home/exhydra# apt updateInstall cassandra using the below package
root@exhydra:/home/exhydra# apt install cassandra
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
ca-certificates-java java-common libopts25 ntp openjdk-8-jre-headless sntp
Suggested packages:
cassandra-tools default-jre ntp-doc fonts-dejavu-extra fonts-ipafont-gothic fonts-ipafont-mincho fonts-wqy-microhei fonts-wqy-zenhei
The following NEW packages will be installed:
ca-certificates-java cassandra java-common libopts25 ntp openjdk-8-jre-headless sntp
0 upgraded, 7 newly installed, 0 to remove and 254 not upgraded.
Need to get 76.6 MB of archives.
After this operation, 165 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
Get:1 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/universe amd64 libopts25 amd64 1:5.18.12-4 [58.2 kB]
Get:2 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/universe amd64 ntp amd64 1:4.2.8p10+dfsg-5ubuntu7.3 [640 kB]
Get:3 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/main amd64 java-common all 0.68ubuntu1~18.04.1 [14.5 kB]
Get:4 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/universe amd64 openjdk-8-jre-headless amd64 8u352-ga-1~18.04 [28.3 MB]
Get:6 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/main amd64 ca-certificates-java all 20180516ubuntu1~18.04.1 [12.2 kB]
Get:7 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/universe amd64 sntp amd64 1:4.2.8p10+dfsg-5ubuntu7.3 [86.5 kB]
Get:5 https://downloads.apache.org/cassandra/debian 40x/main amd64 cassandra all 4.0.5 [47.5 MB]
Fetched 76.6 MB in 12s (6,527 kB/s)
Start Cassandra service post installation and enable it to start the service automatically after reboot using systemctl utility
root@exhydra:/home/exhydra# systemctl start cassandra
root@exhydra:/home/exhydra# systemctl enable cassandra
cassandra.service is not a native service, redirecting to systemd-sysv-install.
Executing: /lib/systemd/systemd-sysv-install enable cassandra
root@exhydra:/home/exhydra# systemctl status cassandra
● cassandra.service - LSB: distributed storage system for structured data
Loaded: loaded (/etc/init.d/cassandra; generated)
Active: active (running) since Wed 2022-11-16 22:36:01 IST; 2min 12s ago
Docs: man:systemd-sysv-generator(8)
Tasks: 41 (limit: 4915)
CGroup: /system.slice/cassandra.service
└─2537 /usr/bin/java -ea -da:net.openhft... -XX:+UseThreadPriorities -XX:+HeapDumpOnOutOfMemoryError -Xss256k -XX:+AlwaysPreTouch -XX:-
Nov 16 22:36:01 exhydra-VirtualBox systemd[1]: Starting LSB: distributed storage system for structured data...
Nov 16 22:36:01 exhydra-VirtualBox systemd[1]: Started LSB: distributed storage system for structured data.
Check the current node status to check the service status
root@exhydra:/home/exhydra# nodetool status
Datacenter: datacenter1
=======================
Status=Up/Down
|/ State=Normal/Leaving/Joining/Moving
-- Address Load Tokens Owns (effective) Host ID Rack
UN 127.0.0.1 69.08 KiB 16 100.0% 147efa87-4637-470a-a33a-1a237bb7fc35 rack1
Use the command line shell using cqlsh utility
root@exhydra:/home/exhydra# cqlsh
Connected to Test Cluster at 127.0.0.1:9042
[cqlsh 6.0.0 | Cassandra 4.0.5 | CQL spec 3.4.5 | Native protocol v5]
Use HELP for help.
cqlsh> help
Documented shell commands:
===========================
CAPTURE CLS COPY DESCRIBE EXPAND LOGIN SERIAL SOURCE UNICODE
CLEAR CONSISTENCY DESC EXIT HELP PAGING SHOW TRACING
CQL help topics:
================
AGGREGATES CREATE_KEYSPACE DROP_TRIGGER TEXT
ALTER_KEYSPACE CREATE_MATERIALIZED_VIEW DROP_TYPE TIME
ALTER_MATERIALIZED_VIEW CREATE_ROLE DROP_USER TIMESTAMP
ALTER_TABLE CREATE_TABLE FUNCTIONS TRUNCATE
ALTER_TYPE CREATE_TRIGGER GRANT TYPES
ALTER_USER CREATE_TYPE INSERT UPDATE
APPLY CREATE_USER INSERT_JSON USE
ASCII DATE INT UUID
BATCH DELETE JSON
BEGIN DROP_AGGREGATE KEYWORDS
BLOB DROP_COLUMNFAMILY LIST_PERMISSIONS
BOOLEAN DROP_FUNCTION LIST_ROLES
COUNTER DROP_INDEX LIST_USERS
CREATE_AGGREGATE DROP_KEYSPACE PERMISSIONS
CREATE_COLUMNFAMILY DROP_MATERIALIZED_VIEW REVOKE
CREATE_FUNCTION DROP_ROLE SELECT
CREATE_INDEX DROP_TABLE SELECT_JSON
Check the version and host inside command line
cqlsh> show version;
[cqlsh 6.0.0 | Cassandra 4.0.5 | CQL spec 3.4.5 | Native protocol v5]
cqlsh> show host;
Connected to Test Cluster at 127.0.0.1:9042